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Complex carbohydrates (long-chain starches like pasta and most rising breads) provide long-term energy support as well but they also take considerably longer to kick in than proteins.

Fats are somewhere between sugars and proteins. They're INCREDIBLY high in energy (over twice as much energy density -- that's why the body stores excess calories as fat) and it's not as quickly released as sugars. The body also prefers metabolizing fats over proteins, preferring to use proteins (in amino acid form) as cellular building blocks. It works best when balanced correctly with proteins, but fortunately most protein-rich snacks are also pretty high in fats.